TCP/IP Model

                                                                 

TCP/IP Model helps you to determine how a specific computer should be connected to the internet and how data should be transmitted between them.

 

TCP/IP Protocol Stack is specifically designed as a model to offer highly reliable and end-to-end byte stream over an unreliable internetwork

 

It has 4 layers

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Internet Layer

Network Interface

•     TCP Characteristics

•     Four Layers of TCP/IP model

•     Application Layer

•     Transport Layer

•     Internet Layer

•     The Network Interface Layer

•     Differences between OSI and TCP/IP models

•     Most Common TCP/IP Protocols

•     Advantages of the TCP/IP model

•     Disadvantages of the TCP/IP model

 TCP Characteristics

Here, are the essential characteristics of TCP/IP protocol

•     Support for a flexible TCP/IP architecture

•     Adding more system to a network is easy.

•     In TCP/IP, the network remains intact until the source, and destination machines were functioning properly.

•     TCP is a connection-oriented protocol.

•     TCP offers reliability and ensures that data which arrives out of sequence should put back into order.

TCP allows you to implement flow control, so sender never overpowers a receiver with data.

 

TCP Characteristics

Here, are the essential characteristics of TCP/IP protocol

•     Support for a flexible TCP/IP architecture

•     Adding more system to a network is easy.

•     In TCP/IP, the network remains intact until the source, and destination machines were functioning properly.

•     TCP is a connection-oriented protocol.

•     TCP offers reliability and ensures that data which arrives out of sequence should put back into order.

•     TCP allows you to implement flow control, so sender never overpowers a receiver with data.

 Application Layer

•     Application layer interacts with an application program, which is the highest level of OSI model. The application layer is the OSI layer, which is closest to the end-user. It means the OSI application layer allows users to interact with other software application.

 

Transport Layer

 

•     Transport layer builds on the network layer in order to provide data transport from a process on a source system machine to a process on a destination system. It is hosted using single or multiple networks, and also maintains the quality of service functions.

•     It determines how much data should be sent where and at what rate. This layer builds on the message which are received from the application layer. It helps ensure that data units are delivered error-free and in sequence.

 

Internet Layer

 

•     An internet layer is a second layer of TCP/IP layers of the TCP/IP model. It is also known as a network layer. The main work of this layer is to send the packets from any network, and any computer still they reach the destination irrespective of the route they take.

•     The Internet layer offers the functional and procedural method for transferring variable length data sequences from one node to another with the help of various networks.

•     Message delivery at the network layer does not give any guaranteed to be reliable network layer protocol.

•     Layer-management protocols that belong to the network layer are:

•     Routing protocols

•     Multicast group management

•     Network-layer address assignment.

 

 

Summary

The full form or TCP/IP model explained as Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol.

TCP supports flexible architecture

Four layers of TCP/IP model are 1) Application Layer 2) Transport Layer 3) Internet Layer 4) Network Interface

Application layer interacts with an application program, which is the highest level of OSI model.

Internet layer is a second layer of the TCP/IP model. It is also known as a network layer.

Transport layer builds on the network layer in order to provide data transport from a process on a source system machine to a process on a destination system.

Network Interface Layer is this layer of the four-layer TCP/IP model. This layer is also called a network access layer.

OSI model is developed by ISO (International Standard Organization) whereas TCP/IP model is developed by ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network).

An Internet Protocol address that is also known as an IP address is a numerical label.